What is the Natural History Museum?
The Natural History Museum is recognised worldwide as a centre of natural history and research. It exhibits a vast range of life and earth science specimens, around 80 million items, within five main collections, spanning four coloured zones and nearly 30 rooms; botany, entomology, mineralogy, palaeontology and zoology. The museum houses many famous and significant works such as specimens collected by Charles Darwin, but is perhaps most well-known for its exhibition of dinosaur skeletons and the blue whale skeleton that hangs from the ceiling in the central hall.
Who built the Natural History Museum?
The Natural History Museum was built by Alfred Waterhouse and opened on 18 April 1881 but the story of its creation stretches all the way back to 1753. In 1753, the British government purchased the extensive collection of natural history specimens of Sir Hans Sloane, a high society doctor who had travelled the world to complete his collection and had recently passed away. To house the impressive collection of more than 70,000 items, the British Museum was built. However, in 1856 Sir Richard Owen, the natural scientist who came up with the collective name of ‘dinosaurs’ for these prehistoric beasts, took charge of the British Museum’s natural history collection. However, he was unhappy with the lack of space so convinced the board of trustees that a separate building was needed.
It wasn’t until 1864 that Francis Fowke, who designed the Royal Albert Hall, won a competition to design the Natural History Museum. He sadly died a year later and was replaced by the little-known Alfred Waterhouse who came up with a new plan to build the spectacular, Romanesque building we know today as the Natural History Museum.
How much did it cost to build the Natural History Museum?
Alfred Waterhouse initial plans for the museum were costed at £495,000 but, due to budgetary concerns, some of his plans were scaled back and the estimated cost of building the Natural History Museum was £330,000.
Where is the Natural History Museum in London?
The Natural History Museum is in South Kensington, one of three major museums on Exhibition Road, the others being the Science Museum and the Victoria and Albert Museum.